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March 2007 Edition

 
 

 

 


Significance of the Month of March in Hindu Calendar

                                  

The month of March commences with the festival of exuberant colors ‘Holi’ and a day, more so the beginning of New Year - ‘Ugadi’ and ‘Gudi Padwa’ and spiritual celebration of ‘Ramanavami’ and ends with ‘Mahavir Jayanthi’!

 

Holi - The Spring Festival of Colors! The Colors of Joy! Time for a Colorful Rebellion!

 

With winter mists melting in the sunshine, Phalgun brings new life to every leaf and bud, announcing that Vasant Ritu or Springtime has come with its great display of flowers and fruits. While nature wears verdant new robes, the vernal equinox brings hope to farmers. This joyful new beginning is celebrated on the full moon day of Phalgun at the most colorful festival of India - Holi. This time it falls on 25th of March. Holi is a fun filled happy and playful occasion - Draped in white, people throng the streets in large numbers and smear each other with brightly hued powders and squirt colored water on one another through pichkaris (big syringe-like pumps), irrespective of caste, color, creed or social status; all these petty differences are temporarily relegated to the background and people give into an unalloyed colorful rebellion. There is exchange of greetings, the elders distribute sweets and money, and all join in frenzied dance to the rhythm of the drums.

 

The night before the full moon, crowds of people gather in open spaces and light huge bonfires to burn the residual dried leaves and twigs of the winter) To fire-god Hutashani, they offer ears of corn, new vegetables, coconuts, butter, sweets, flowers and vermillion. The Holi bonfire, often a community event, is also a commemoration of the Puranic legend - that it derives its name from Holika, thhe daughter of the mythical megalomaniac king Hiranyakashipu who commanded everyone to worship him. His little son Prahlada refused to do so and instead he became a devotee of Lord Vishnu. His father ordered Holika to kill him and she possessing the ability to walk through fire unharmed, picked up the child and walked into a fire with him. Prahlada, however, chanted the names of God and was saved. Holika perished because she did not know that her powers were only effective if she entered the fire alone. This myth has a strong association with the festival of Holi, the demoness Holika was burnt to death and the victory of good over evil was once again ensured. Next morning, when the embers are cold, dhuli or the sacred dust of the bonfire is venerated. Colored water and powders (gulal and kurnkum) are thrown over merrymakers to symbolize the coming of spring. Especially in villages, Holi, also called Phag or Shimga, is an important fortnight-long celebration during which homes are renovated, painted and planned weddings are held and feast shared.

 

Holi is also celebrated in memory of Lord Krishna. In the legends of Krishna as a youth, he is depicted playing pranks with the gopis or cowgirls. One prank was to throw colored powder all over them. So at Holi, images of Krishna and his consort Radha are often carried through the streets. In the northern, western, as well as eastern regions, Holi celebrates the joyful Raasleela of Krishna and the Gopikas. They play phag which is a game of many colorful hues, among the newly fragrant Jasmine bowers. About this time the Silk Cotton or Kesaria trees burst into bloom with bunches of deep orange flowers. It is said that Krishna made a concoction of these flowers and used it to shower the gopikas with color. This tradition continues even today. The gesture of throwing color over each other (in many Krishna temples, even the idols are given a bath or sprinkling of color), is a joyous celebration of the rejuvenation of nature, and renewed hope of happiness and peaceful co-existence.

 

Metaphorically, Krishna is called the artist who dyes this world in the hues of bliss and joy and the devotee prays that he should be included in this divine grace and benevolence. Holi is once again a time for feasting. Garlands of batashas or sugar discs in pink and white are given to friends. Gujias with sweet fillings, Puranpolis with jaggery and flour, Sanjoris filled with semolina halwa and different varieties of pancakes are eaten on this occasion. On festive occasions Parsis use this silver thali with auspicious items: rose petals, a coconut, a rose water sprinkler, lamp, rice and vermillion. Though Parsi festivals are reminiscent of their central Asian origin, they also offer an insight into their total assimilation in India.

 

Ugadi and Gudi Padwa!

 

Preparations for the festival begin a week ahead. Houses are given a thorough wash. Shopping for new clothes and buying other items that go with the requirements of the festival are done with a lot of excitement.  Ugadi is celebrated with festive fervor in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh (the southeastern Indian coastal state). While it is called Ugadi in Andhra and Karnataka, in Maharashtra it is known as "Gudipadava".

 

It’s Ugadi in Andhra! 

 

On Ugadi day, people wake up before the break of dawn and take a head bath after which they decorate the entrance of their houses with fresh mango leaves. The significance of tying mango leaves relates to a legend. It is said that Kartik (or Subramanya/Kartikeya) and Ganesha, the two sons of Lord Siva and Parvathi were very fond of mangoes. As the legend goes Kartik exhorted people to tie green mango leaves to the doorway signifying a good crop and general well-being. It is noteworthy that to use mango leaves and coconuts (as in a Kalasam, to initiate any puja) only on auspicious occasions to propitiate gods. People also splash fresh cow dung water on the ground in front of their house and draw colorful floral designs. This is a common sight in every household. People perform the ritualistic worship to God invoking his blessings before they start off with the New Year. They pray for their health, wealth and prosperity and success in business too. Ugadi is also the most auspicious time to start new ventures. The celebration of Ugadi is marked by religious zeal and social merriment. Special dishes are prepared for the occasion. In Andhra Pradesh, eatables such as ‘pulihora’, ‘bobbatlu’ and preparations made with raw mango go well with the occasion. In Karnataka too, similar preparations are made but called ‘puliogure’ and ‘holige’.

 

People in Andhra, believe that Lord Brahma began the creation of the universe on this auspicious day of Ugadi. People prepare for the New Year by cleaning and washing their houses and buying new clothes. On the Ugadi day they decorate their houses with mango leaves and "rangoli" designs, and pray for a prosperous new year, and visit the temples to listen to the yearly calendar - "Panchangasravanam" as priests make predictions for the coming year. Ugadi is also an auspicious day to embark on any new endeavor.

 

Bring in the Goodies on Gudipadwa!

 

In Maharashtra, the New Year being celebrated as Gudipadwa - early on the morning of the first day of the Chaitra month, people finish their ablutions, wear new clothes and decorate their houses with colorful "rangoli" patterns. A silk banner is raised and worshipped, and greetings and sweets are exchanged. People hang "gudis" on their windows on this day to celebrate Mother Nature's bounty. A "gudi" is a decorated pole with a brass or a silver vessel placed on it. Gudi Padwa is considered a very auspicious day. New ventures are begun, house-warming pujas are performed, and people also may choose to buy gold, silver or property on this day. There are some legends behind the celebration of Gudi Padwa. It is said that the Universe was created by Brahma on this day and Satyuga (The Age of Truth and Justice) began. The Maharashtrians make ‘puran poli’ or sweet rotis on this occasion.

 

The Significance of Ramanavami, Mahavir Jayanti and Hanuman Jayanti!

 

Ramanavami or the birthday of Lord Rama is a major Hindu festival celebrated all over the country by devout Hindus both Vaishnavas and Shaivas. Lord Rama, the seventh incarnation of Vishnu was born on the ninth day of the bright half of the Chaitra (March - April) in Ayodhya, in the Treta Yuga, the Second Age.

There is one God, Desireless, Formless, Uncreated, True Being, Consciousness and Bliss, the Supreme Spirit, the all pervading, whose shadow is the world; who incarnates himself as Rama or Krishna and does many things, only for the love that he bears to his devotees; who in his mercy ever refrains from anger against those whom he loves and knows to be his own. Adi Kavi Valmiki in his celebrated Ramayana describes the advent of Rama thus:  "Then after the expiry of six seasons and on the completion of the twelfth month, on the ninth lunar day of the month of chaitra under the star Punarvasu, with the Sun, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter and Venus at Aries, Capricorn, Libra, Cancer and Pisces, and when the moon with Jupiter entered Cancer of the Zodiac, Kaushalya gave birth to great and prosperous Rama with mighty arms, rosy eyes and scarlet lips, the joy of Dashratha and the adored of all people. He bore all auspicious marks on his fair body. The Ramanavami festival offers to us all an opportunity to imbibe at least some of the ideas and spirit enshrined in the ways of Rama. On this great day Lord Rama is prayed to and worshipped, and it is the surest means to be able to follow in his ideals. One who approaches his lotus feet with love devotion and humility becomes noble, large hearted, pious, peaceful, master of senses and beloved of the wise. On this scared day you should observe fast and practice charities. You should visit a temple of Rama early in the morning after bath etc. You can also make a small shrine at home and install a picture of Sri Rama-Panchayatan in it and offer prayers and puja. Ramanavami is also celebrated as the Vasanta Navratra and the celebration starts from the first lunar day of the bright fortnight of Chaitra and last upto Ramanavami. On Ashtami Goddess Durga is worshipped. A fast is observed all the nine days and Durga-saptsati is read and an earthen pitcher filled with water is installed. Some fast only on the first and the last day of the period. Rama and Lakshmana had also performed worship to mother Durga before killing Ravana.

Mahavir Jayanthi - The main Jain festival of the year is Mahavir Jayanti, the birth anniversary of Mahavira, the founder of Jainism.

According to the Digambara school of Jainism, Lord Mahavira was born in the year 615 BC, but the Swetambaras believe that he was born in 599 BC.

Both sects however agree that he was the son of Siddhartha and Trisala. Legend has it that he was conceived by Devananda, wife of a Brahmin named Rishabhdeva. It is believed that the gods, ingeniously, transferred the embryo to the womb of Trisala. It is said that the expectant mother had sixteen auspicious dreams before the child was born (only 14 according to the Swetambaras). Astrologers’ interpreting these dreams stated that the child would be either an emperor or a Teerthankara. This religious event is largely observed by the Jains by visiting sacred sites and worshipping the Teerthankara. The event holds special significance in Gujarat and Rajasthan due to the ancient shrines at Girnar and Palitana in Gujarat. Mahavir Jayanti is also celebrated at Parasnath Temple in Kolkata and at Pawapuri in Bihar.

Source:

http://www.namasthenri.com/fairsandfestivals/ugadi.htm

http://www.hinduism.about.com

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